Pharmacotherapeutic Group: Anticough Preparation

 Chlorpheniramine Maleate

Chlorpheniramine Maleate is a H₁ receptor antagonist. It binds to the histamine H₁ receptor, blocks the action of histamine which subsequently leads to the temporary relief of the allergic symptoms caused due to histamine.

Pharmacokinetics:

Chlorpheniramine is absorbed relatively slowly from the GI tract and widely distributed. Almost 70% of the drug binds to the plasma protein. It undergoes extensive metabolism and converted to desmethyl and didesmethyl chlorpheniramine. Both the unchanged drug and the metabolites are excreted via urine.

 Phenylephrine hydrochloride

An oral sympathomimetic amine that acts as a decongestant to respiratory tract mucous membranes. While its vasoconstrictor action is similar to that of ephedrine, phenylephrine has less pressor effect in normotensive adults.

Pharmacokinetics:

Serum half-life for phenylephrine is 6 to 8 hours. Acidic urine is associated with faster elimination of the drug. About one-half of the administered dose is excreted in the urine.

Dextromethorphan hydrobromide

A non-narcotic antitussive with effectiveness equal to codeine. It acts in the medulla oblongata to elevate the cough threshold. Dextromethorphan does not produce analgesia or induce tolerance, and has no potential for addiction. At usual doses, it will not depress respiration or inhibit ciliary activity.

Pharmacokinetics:

Dextromethorphan is rapidly metabolized with trace amounts of the parent compound in blood and urine. About one-half of the administered dose is excreted in the urine as conjugated metabolites 

INDICATIONS

For relief of coughs and upper respiratory symptoms, including nasal congestion, associated with allergy or the common cold.

 DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION

Three times daily or as required.

 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS

Sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, GI upsets, anorexia or increased appetite, epigastric pain, blurring of vision, dysuria, dryness of mouth, hypertension, shortness of breathe.

 PRECAUTIONS

Hypertension, heart disease, asthma, hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure, diabetes mellitus 1 and prostatic hypertrophy

 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients

PRESENTATION

PULMARIN: Each bottle contains 100ml of Cough syrup